{"id":27653,"date":"2024-09-19T01:11:42","date_gmt":"2024-09-18T17:11:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/petroleumtubes.com\/?p=27653"},"modified":"2024-09-19T02:46:13","modified_gmt":"2024-09-18T18:46:13","slug":"what-are-the-specific-disharmonies-in-api","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/petroleumtubes.com\/vi\/what-are-the-specific-disharmonies-in-api\/","title":{"rendered":"Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 trong ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API v\u00e0 ASTM li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch \u00e2m c\u1ee7a v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf l\u00e0 g\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_50 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-light-blue ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\" role=\"button\"><label for=\"item-6a68321636ac9\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span style=\"display: flex;align-items: center;width: 35px;height: 30px;justify-content: center;direction:ltr;\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/label><input  type=\"checkbox\" id=\"item-6a68321636ac9\"><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/petroleumtubes.com\/vi\/what-are-the-specific-disharmonies-in-api\/#Su_khac_biet_trong_quy_trinh_do_he_so_suy_giam_am_thanh\" title=\"S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t trong quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111o h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 suy gi\u1ea3m \u00e2m thanh\">S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t trong quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111o h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 suy gi\u1ea3m \u00e2m thanh<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/petroleumtubes.com\/vi\/what-are-the-specific-disharmonies-in-api\/#Su_thay_doi_trong_tieu_chuan_bao_cao_de_phan_tich_dap_ung_tan_so\" title=\"S\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n b\u00e1o c\u00e1o \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1\">S\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n b\u00e1o c\u00e1o \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/petroleumtubes.com\/vi\/what-are-the-specific-disharmonies-in-api\/#Su_khong_nhat_quan_trong_cac_yeu_cau_hieu_chuan_doi_voi_thiet_bi_kiem_tra_am_thanh\" title=\"S\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n trong c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ki\u1ec3m tra \u00e2m thanh\">S\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n trong c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ki\u1ec3m tra \u00e2m thanh<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h1 id=\"discrepancies-in-measurement-procedures-for-acoustic-attenuation-coefficients-wpaicgheading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Su_khac_biet_trong_quy_trinh_do_he_so_suy_giam_am_thanh\"><\/span>S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t trong quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111o h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 suy gi\u1ea3m \u00e2m thanh<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<p>\nTrong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed, n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a l\u00e0 t\u1ed1i quan tr\u1ecdng, vi\u1ec7c \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u00e2m h\u1ecdc trong v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng. C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n <strong>\u00a0API<\/strong> (Vi\u1ec7n D\u1ea7u kh\u00ed Hoa K\u1ef3) v\u00e0 ASTM (Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u Hoa K\u1ef3) \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed kh\u1eaft khe v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, trong ph\u1ea1m vi h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 suy gi\u1ea3m \u00e2m thanh, s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t trong quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111o gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API v\u00e0 ASTM \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n, g\u00e2y lo ng\u1ea1i cho c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia trong ng\u00e0nh c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ri\u00eang cho ng\u00e0nh d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed, ph\u00e1c th\u1ea3o c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o \u00e2m thanh c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 suy gi\u1ea3m. C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y cho bi\u1ebft m\u1ee9c n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u00e2m thanh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 ho\u1eb7c ti\u00eau t\u00e1n khi s\u00f3ng \u00e2m truy\u1ec1n qua v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u1ecf. C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng, ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh nhu c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh cho r\u1eb1ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf qua m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u1eafc th\u00e1i nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh trong ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng so s\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n<p>M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTM \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i h\u01a1n trong nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0nh kh\u00e1c nhau bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed , cung c\u1ea5p h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p \u0111o \u00e2m thanh. C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTM th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng v\u00ec c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn khoa h\u1ecdc nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa \u00fd t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eebng chi ti\u1ebft trong quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng. H\u1ecd c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i trong k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng cho n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u1eb1m t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u00e2m h\u1ecdc cho v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API cho r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a ASTM c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 qu\u00e1 nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn chi ph\u00ed kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5 trong v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/petroleumtubes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/7684a0f5d10c8de2e786086fa492690c.png\">\\\\t\\\\tM\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00ednh gi\u1eefa ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API v\u00e0 ASTM n\u1eb1m \u1edf \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng. C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng \u01b0u ti\u00ean c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a, \u01b0u ti\u00ean kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. Nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng tri\u1ec3n khai trong c\u00e1c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1c nhau. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTM \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o trong th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ph\u00e9p \u0111o \u00e2m thanh. S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n trong c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u00e2m h\u1ecdc, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u1ecf v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh trong khai th\u00e1c v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf.<\/p>\n<p>H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, vi\u1ec7c di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API v\u00e0 ASTM . C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API th\u01b0\u1eddng cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 ti\u00eau ch\u00ed hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho ng\u00e0nh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean kinh nghi\u1ec7m th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. C\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi kh\u1eaft khe g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i trong c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTM c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tham kh\u1ea3o c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc \u00e2m h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00f3 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 suy gi\u1ea3m \u00e2m thanh.<\/p>\n<p>\u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y v\u01b0\u1ee3t ra ngo\u00e0i nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n v\u1ec1 quy tr\u00ecnh. H\u1ecd nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c h\u00e0i h\u00f2a c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n trong ng\u00e0nh d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa ti\u1ec7n \u00edch th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t khoa h\u1ecdc. C\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan trong ng\u00e0nh, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0, c\u01a1 quan qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, ph\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00e1c s\u1eafc th\u00e1i n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i m\u00e0 c\u00f2n d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u1ea3 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API v\u00e0 ASTM \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u00e2m thanh trong v\u1ecf d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf, s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t trong quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111o h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 suy gi\u1ea3m \u00e2m thanh n\u00eau b\u1eadt nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. \u0110\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a nh\u1eb1m c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u1edbi t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau then ch\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh. Vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u00e2m thanh m\u00e0 c\u00f2n th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h1 id=\"variability-in-reporting-standards-for-frequency-response-analysis-wpaicgheading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Su_thay_doi_trong_tieu_chuan_bao_cao_de_phan_tich_dap_ung_tan_so\"><\/span>S\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n b\u00e1o c\u00e1o \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<p>\nVi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u00e2m thanh trong v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u0103m d\u00f2 v\u00e0 khai th\u00e1c d\u1ea7u hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady. Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh n\u00e0y v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c do c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API (Vi\u1ec7n D\u1ea7u kh\u00ed Hoa K\u1ef3) v\u00e0 ASTM (Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u Hoa K\u1ef3). Nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u1edf s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n b\u00e1o c\u00e1o \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng so s\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u00e2m thanh trong to\u00e0n ng\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n<p>Tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u1eb1m \u1edf c\u00e1c c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 \u0111o c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u00e2m thanh nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed9 suy gi\u1ea3m, v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c v\u00e0 tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng trong h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn API v\u00e0 ASTM. C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API, theo truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ri\u00eang cho ng\u00e0nh d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed, nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u01b0u ti\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTM mang t\u00ednh kh\u00e1i qu\u00e1t h\u01a1n v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i h\u01a1n trong nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c nhau, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u1ecf d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf v\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u00e2m thanh.<\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API v\u00e0 ASTM li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn d\u1ea3i t\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u00e2m h\u1ecdc. C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o d\u1ea3i t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n h\u1ea1 c\u1ea5p, trong \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u00e2m thanh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 qua c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t. Tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m h\u1eb9p n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a v\u1ecf t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf qua c\u00e1c d\u1ea3i t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 cao h\u01a1n r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch.<\/p>\n<p>Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTM \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 d\u1ea3i t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111a d\u1ea1ng ngo\u00e0i d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed. C\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u00e0y nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a v\u1ecf m\u00e1y trong c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c nhau, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng hy sinh \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed7 khoan.<\/p>\n<p>S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t trong vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn d\u1ea3i t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 l\u00e0m ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p vi\u1ec7c so s\u00e1nh tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u00e2m thanh thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb c\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 API v\u00e0 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 ASTM. C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ph\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn khi di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u00e2m thanh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ef1 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ti\u00eau ch\u00ed hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n<p>\u1ed1ng th\u00e9p hfwH\u01a1n n\u1eefa, c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 trong ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m do API v\u00e0 ASTM quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e0ng g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t h\u00f2a trong c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u00e2m thanh . C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API th\u01b0\u1eddng \u01b0u ti\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea1 c\u1ea5p. T\u00ednh \u0111\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7u n\u00e0y n\u00e2ng cao m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 li\u00ean quan c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u00e2m h\u1ecdc cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ngo\u00e0i b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTM \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a nh\u1eb1m th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng so s\u00e1nh gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m kh\u00e1c nhau. c\u01a1 s\u1edf th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m. C\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u00e0y nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u01a1 s\u1edf cho ph\u00e9p \u0111o \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u00e2m thanh nh\u1eb1m t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c c\u00e1c k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u0103m d\u00f2 v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Do \u0111\u00f3, th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c n\u1eb1m \u1edf vi\u1ec7c dung h\u00f2a c\u00e1c quan \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c nhau n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn h\u00e0i h\u00f2a \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u00e2m thanh trong v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf. N\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 tham gia h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan trong ng\u00e0nh, c\u01a1 quan qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ec3 thu h\u1eb9p kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API v\u00e0 ASTM m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n<p>Trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API v\u00e0 ASTM \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u00e2m h\u1ecdc trong v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf. C\u00e1c khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady s\u1ebd k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng gi\u1eefa m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API v\u1edbi t\u00ednh nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng xuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTM, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API v\u00e0 ASTM \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu vai tr\u00f2 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u00e2m thanh trong v\u1ecf d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf, s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang trong c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n b\u00e1o c\u00e1o \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh nhu c\u1ea7u li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n trong ng\u00e0nh. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng b\u1ea5t h\u00f2a n\u00e0y th\u00f4ng qua \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i c\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a, c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho vi\u1ec7c n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 t\u00ednh b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u0103m d\u00f2 v\u00e0 khai th\u00e1c d\u1ea7u tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n<h1 id=\"inconsistencies-in-calibration-requirements-for-acoustic-testing-equipment-wpaicgheading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Su_khong_nhat_quan_trong_cac_yeu_cau_hieu_chuan_doi_voi_thiet_bi_kiem_tra_am_thanh\"><\/span>S\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n trong c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ki\u1ec3m tra \u00e2m thanh<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<p>\nTrong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed, vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u00e2m thanh trong v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u0103m d\u00f2 v\u00e0 khai th\u00e1c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp b\u1edfi c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 Vi\u1ec7n D\u1ea7u kh\u00ed Hoa K\u1ef3 (API) v\u00e0 Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u Hoa K\u1ef3 (ASTM) cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau n\u00e0y. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng trong c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ki\u1ec3m tra \u00e2m thanh.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API v\u00e0 ASTM \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra \u00e2m thanh c\u1ee7a v\u1ecf d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf. Nh\u1eefng th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00ec ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c \u00e1p l\u1ef1c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a v\u1ecf trong khi v\u1eabn duy tr\u00ec t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n v\u1ec1 \u00e2m thanh. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u00e2m thanh, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh suy gi\u1ea3m v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1, c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a ph\u00e9p \u0111o \u00e2m thanh, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t v\u00e0 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh h\u1ed3 ch\u1ee9a.<\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00ednh n\u1eb1m \u1edf quy tr\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API so v\u1edbi ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTM. C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n t\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng, bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 v\u00e0 x\u00e1c minh hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. C\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng v\u00ec t\u00ednh th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 trong c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a ph\u00e9p \u0111o do c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n<p>Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTM th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ph\u00e9p \u0111o th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9ng g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i khi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh t\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n<p>H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n dung sai \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n kh\u00e1c nhau gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API v\u00e0 ASTM. C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho ph\u00e9p ph\u1ea1m vi dung sai r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u1ecf bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTM, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n dung sai h\u1eb9p h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t tr\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111a d\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed9t kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng h\u00e0i h\u00f2a trong c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111o. C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn c\u1ed1 h\u1eefu trong c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p \u0111o t\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTM c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch lan truy\u1ec1n l\u1ed7i nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t, nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady cao h\u01a1n trong k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111o.<\/p>\n<p>Nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y trong c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API v\u00e0 ASTM nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p gi\u1eefa \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m trong th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u00e2m thanh. Trong khi c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API \u01b0u ti\u00ean t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00edch \u1ee9ng trong v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh th\u00ec c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTM l\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c trong th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng. C\u1ea3 hai quan \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ph\u00e9p \u0111o \u00e2m thanh trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nh\u1eb1m h\u00e0i h\u00f2a c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n dung sai gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API v\u00e0 ASTM. C\u00e1c s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bh\u1ee3p t\u00e1c t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t t\u1eeb \u200b\u200bc\u1ea3 hai c\u01a1 quan ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf t\u1eeb API v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a ASTM. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a, nh\u1eefng s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bn\u00e0y nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch n\u00e2ng cao t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ph\u00e9p \u0111o \u00e2m thanh trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u0111a d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API v\u00e0 ASTM cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u00e2m h\u1ecdc trong v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf, s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n trong y\u00eau c\u1ea7u hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. Hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 dung h\u00f2a nh\u1eefng b\u1ea5t h\u00f2a n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u00e2m thanh, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 vi\u1ec7c ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t trong c\u00e1c n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c th\u0103m d\u00f2 v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed. Nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c nh\u1eb1m h\u00e0i h\u00f2a h\u00f3a c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n s\u1ebd \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 then ch\u1ed1t trong vi\u1ec7c n\u00e2ng cao c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng l\u1ec7 trong to\u00e0n ng\u00e0nh v\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u00e2m h\u1ecdc cho v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf.<\/p>\n<div class=\"entry-content-asset videofit\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"casing pipe Chinese high-grade manufacturer,oil tube Wholesale-Price High-Quality best China,casing\" width=\"720\" height=\"405\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Jk1GQKyEYoc?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t trong quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111o h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 suy gi\u1ea3m \u00e2m thanh Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed, n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a l\u00e0 t\u1ed1i&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1529,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_kadence_starter_templates_imported_post":false,"_kad_post_transparent":"default","_kad_post_title":"default","_kad_post_layout":"default","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"default","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"default","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[82,6939,3706,1306,2289,81,306,85],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"2.12.0","language":"vi","enabled_languages":["en","ar","zh","nl","fr","de","hi","id","it","ja","ko","pt","ru","es","th","tr","vi"],"languages":{"en":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ar":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"zh":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"nl":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"fr":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"de":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"hi":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"id":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"it":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ja":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ko":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"pt":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"es":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"th":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"tr":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"vi":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/petroleumtubes.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27653"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/petroleumtubes.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/petroleumtubes.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/petroleumtubes.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/petroleumtubes.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=27653"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/petroleumtubes.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27653\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/petroleumtubes.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1529"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/petroleumtubes.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=27653"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/petroleumtubes.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=27653"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/petroleumtubes.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=27653"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}