{"id":34755,"date":"2024-10-24T00:17:47","date_gmt":"2024-10-23T16:17:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/petroleumtubes.com\/?p=34755"},"modified":"2024-10-24T04:34:13","modified_gmt":"2024-10-23T20:34:13","slug":"what-are-the-detailed-differences-in-api","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/petroleumtubes.com\/vi\/what-are-the-detailed-differences-in-api\/","title":{"rendered":"S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t chi ti\u1ebft trong ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API v\u00e0 ASTM \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf l\u00e0 g\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_50 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-light-blue ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\" role=\"button\"><label for=\"item-6a6821e5ea8fb\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span style=\"display: flex;align-items: center;width: 35px;height: 30px;justify-content: center;direction:ltr;\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/label><input  type=\"checkbox\" id=\"item-6a6821e5ea8fb\"><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/petroleumtubes.com\/vi\/what-are-the-detailed-differences-in-api\/#Tieu_chuan_API_de_kiem_soat_do_cung_cua_vo_dau_mo\" title=\"Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u00a0API \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a v\u1ecf d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf\">Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u00a0API \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a v\u1ecf d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/petroleumtubes.com\/vi\/what-are-the-detailed-differences-in-api\/#Tieu_chuan_Astm_ve_kiem_soat_do_cung_cua_vo_dau_mo\" title=\"Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n Astm v\u1ec1 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a v\u1ecf d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf\">Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n Astm v\u1ec1 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a v\u1ecf d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/petroleumtubes.com\/vi\/what-are-the-detailed-differences-in-api\/#So_sanh_chi_tiet_cac_tieu_chuan_API_va_ASTM_ve_kiem_soat_do_cung_cua_vo_dau_mo\" title=\"So s\u00e1nh chi ti\u1ebft c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API v\u00e0 ASTM v\u1ec1 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a v\u1ecf d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf\">So s\u00e1nh chi ti\u1ebft c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API v\u00e0 ASTM v\u1ec1 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a v\u1ecf d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h1 id=\"api-standards-for-hardness-control-of-petroleum-casings-wpaicgheading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tieu_chuan_API_de_kiem_soat_do_cung_cua_vo_dau_mo\"><\/span>Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n <strong>\u00a0API<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a v\u1ecf d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<p>\nTi\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API v\u00e0 ASTM \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c nhau, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed. Khi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a v\u1ecf d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf, vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t chi ti\u1ebft gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API v\u00e0 ASTM l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API do Vi\u1ec7n D\u1ea7u kh\u00ed Hoa K\u1ef3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp, t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt cho thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb d\u00f9ng trong ng\u00e0nh d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed. C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n<p>M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, ASTM International, tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u Hoa K\u1ef3, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n cho nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5. Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTM \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c nhau, bao g\u1ed3m d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf v\u00e0 h\u00f3a d\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n<p>Khi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf, c\u1ea3 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API v\u00e0 ASTM \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc, trong khi c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTM \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m chi ti\u1ebft h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00ednh gi\u1eefa ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API v\u00e0 ASTM v\u1ec1 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng n\u1eb1m \u1edf c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau trong t\u1eebng b\u1ed9 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n. C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API th\u01b0\u1eddng tham kh\u1ea3o c\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTM c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m h\u01a1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh kh\u00e1c nhau, cho ph\u00e9p linh ho\u1ea1t h\u01a1n trong c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/petroleumtubes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/N80-Q-API-5CT-Casing-08.jpg\">\\\\t\\\\tNgo\u00e0i ra, c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a v\u1ecf d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u01b0u ti\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i \u1edf gi\u1ebfng d\u1ea7u v\u00e0 kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed1t. C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1edbi \u00fd ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200b\u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p t\u1eeb c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia trong ng\u00e0nh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u kh\u1eaft khe c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng khoan, ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<p>M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTM c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn t\u1ed5ng quan to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ngu\u1ed3n ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bth\u1ee9c chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n. Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m thay th\u1ebf ngo\u00e0i ph\u1ea1m vi c\u1ee7a ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u1ea3 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API v\u00e0 ASTM \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf, h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng quan \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t chi ti\u1ebft gi\u1eefa hai b\u1ed9 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn, th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h1 id=\"astm-standards-for-hardness-control-of-petroleum-casings-wpaicgheading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tieu_chuan_Astm_ve_kiem_soat_do_cung_cua_vo_dau_mo\"><\/span>Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n Astm v\u1ec1 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a v\u1ecf d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<p>\nTi\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API v\u00e0 ASTM \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c nhau. Khi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf, c\u1ea3 API v\u00e0 ASTM \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng n\u00e0y. Hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t chi ti\u1ebft gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API v\u00e0 ASTM l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, thanh tra vi\u00ean v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf.<\/p>\n<p>ASTM International, tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u Hoa K\u1ef3, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt cho nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5. Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTM \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong ng\u00e0nh d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u0103m d\u00f2 v\u00e0 khai th\u00e1c d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed. Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a v\u1ecf d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf, ASTM c\u00f3 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1c th\u1ea3o c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<p>[nh\u00fang]https:\/\/youtube.com\/embed\/TduRWRjxhDo[\/embed]M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ASTM li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf l\u00e0 ASTM E10. Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng Brinell, Rockwell, Vickers v\u00e0 Knoop tr\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kim lo\u1ea1i, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 h\u1ee3p kim th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u1ecf d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf. ASTM E10 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m, k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb m\u1eabu v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a v\u1ecf d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n<p>Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, Vi\u1ec7n D\u1ea7u kh\u00ed Hoa K\u1ef3 (API) c\u0169ng \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n cho ng\u00e0nh d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf. C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 an to\u00e0n, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong vi\u1ec7c th\u0103m d\u00f2 v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t d\u1ea7u v\u00e0 kh\u00ed t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. Khi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng, c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i trong gi\u1ebfng d\u1ea7u v\u00e0 kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf th\u01b0\u1eddng tham kh\u1ea3o c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTM \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn. Trong khi c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTM cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn chi ti\u1ebft cho c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng th\u00ec c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API b\u1ed5 sung cho c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t b\u1ed5 sung m\u00e0 v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady tr\u00ean hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u1ea3 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API v\u00e0 ASTM, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Nh\u00ecn chung, s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t chi ti\u1ebft gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API v\u00e0 ASTM v\u1ec1 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a v\u1ecf d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf n\u1eb1m \u1edf ch\u1ed7 ch\u00fang tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m v\u00e0 ph\u1ea1m vi. Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTM cung c\u1ea5p h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 quy tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, trong khi ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t m\u00e0 v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong c\u00e1c gi\u1ebfng d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tu\u00e2n theo c\u1ea3 hai b\u1ed9 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao, \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u kh\u1eaft khe c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh v\u00e0 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady chung c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h1 id=\"detailed-comparison-of-api-and-astm-standards-for-hardness-control-of-petroleum-casings-wpaicgheading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"So_sanh_chi_tiet_cac_tieu_chuan_API_va_ASTM_ve_kiem_soat_do_cung_cua_vo_dau_mo\"><\/span>So s\u00e1nh chi ti\u1ebft c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API v\u00e0 ASTM v\u1ec1 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a v\u1ecf d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<p>\nTi\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API v\u00e0 ASTM \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c nhau, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed. Khi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf, c\u1ea3 API v\u00e0 ASTM \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n theo. Hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t chi ti\u1ebft gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API v\u00e0 ASTM l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, thanh tra vi\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan kh\u00e1c li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf.<\/p>\n<p>API, hay Vi\u1ec7n D\u1ea7u kh\u00ed Hoa K\u1ef3, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng chuy\u00ean ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n cho ng\u00e0nh d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed. C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng v\u1ecf \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t m\u00e0 ch\u00fang s\u1ebd g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh khoan v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y quy \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API.<\/p>\n<p>M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, ASTM International, tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u Hoa K\u1ef3, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt cho nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5. C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTM li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh quy tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc. C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ki\u1ec3m tra.<\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00ednh gi\u1eefa ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API v\u00e0 ASTM v\u1ec1 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf n\u1eb1m \u1edf ph\u1ea1m vi v\u00e0 t\u1eadp trung. C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ri\u00eang cho nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed, c\u00f3 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTM t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t h\u01a1n v\u00e0 bao tr\u00f9m nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u01a1n, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t trong nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c gi\u1eefa ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API v\u00e0 ASTM l\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 chi ti\u1ebft v\u00e0 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7u m\u00e0 ch\u00fang cung c\u1ea5p. C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng mang t\u00ednh quy \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01a1n v\u00e0 d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho ng\u00e0nh, n\u00eau r\u00f5 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7. \u0110\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh, c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTM th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t h\u01a1n v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n<p>Ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn d\u1ea7u<\/p>\n<p>Khi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m, c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o t\u00ednh th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, nh\u1eb1m mang l\u1ea1i k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTM c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n h\u01a1n, cho ph\u00e9p linh ho\u1ea1t h\u01a1n trong vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ho\u1eb7c s\u1edf th\u00edch c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u1ea3 hai ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API v\u00e0 ASTM \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a v\u1ecf d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf, ch\u00fang kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea1m vi, t\u00ednh \u0111\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 thanh tra trong ng\u00e0nh d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m quen v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n li\u00ean quan v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 t\u00ednh nguy\u00ean v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng khoan v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u00a0<strong>\u00a0API<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a v\u1ecf d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API v\u00e0 ASTM \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":9092,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_kadence_starter_templates_imported_post":false,"_kad_post_transparent":"default","_kad_post_title":"default","_kad_post_layout":"default","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"default","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"default","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[82,90,3706,1306,2289,4283,212,81,306,85,3745],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"2.12.0","language":"vi","enabled_languages":["en","ar","zh","nl","fr","de","hi","id","it","ja","ko","pt","ru","es","th","tr","vi"],"languages":{"en":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ar":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"zh":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"nl":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"fr":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"de":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"hi":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"id":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"it":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ja":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ko":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"pt":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"es":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"th":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"tr":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"vi":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/petroleumtubes.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34755"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/petroleumtubes.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/petroleumtubes.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/petroleumtubes.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/petroleumtubes.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=34755"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/petroleumtubes.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34755\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/petroleumtubes.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9092"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/petroleumtubes.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=34755"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/petroleumtubes.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=34755"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/petroleumtubes.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=34755"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}