{"id":39405,"date":"2024-11-15T00:36:00","date_gmt":"2024-11-14T16:36:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/petroleumtubes.com\/?p=39405"},"modified":"2024-11-15T05:42:19","modified_gmt":"2024-11-14T21:42:19","slug":"what-are-the-detailed-dissensions-between","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/petroleumtubes.com\/vi\/what-are-the-detailed-dissensions-between\/","title":{"rendered":"S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t chi ti\u1ebft gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API v\u00e0 ASTM v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1ecf d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf l\u00e0 g\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_50 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-light-blue ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\" role=\"button\"><label for=\"item-6a67c45d552c3\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span style=\"display: flex;align-items: center;width: 35px;height: 30px;justify-content: center;direction:ltr;\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/label><input  type=\"checkbox\" id=\"item-6a67c45d552c3\"><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/petroleumtubes.com\/vi\/what-are-the-detailed-dissensions-between\/#Su_khac_biet_trong_phuong_phap_thu_nghiem_giua_tieu_chuan_API_va_ASTM_doi_voi_do_dan_nhiet_cua_vo_dau_mo\" title=\"S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t trong ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m gi\u1eefa ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u00a0API v\u00e0 ASTM \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1ecf d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf\">S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t trong ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m gi\u1eefa ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u00a0API v\u00e0 ASTM \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1ecf d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/petroleumtubes.com\/vi\/what-are-the-detailed-dissensions-between\/#Su_khac_biet_ve_tieu_chi_chap_nhan_va_dung_sai_theo_tieu_chuan_API_va_ASTM_doi_voi_do_dan_nhiet_cua_vo_dau_mo\" title=\"S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 dung sai theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API v\u00e0 ASTM \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1ecf d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf\">S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 dung sai theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API v\u00e0 ASTM \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1ecf d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h1 id=\"differences-in-testing-methods-between-api-and-astm-standards-for-petroleum-casing-thermal-conductivity-wpaicgheading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Su_khac_biet_trong_phuong_phap_thu_nghiem_giua_tieu_chuan_API_va_ASTM_doi_voi_do_dan_nhiet_cua_vo_dau_mo\"><\/span>S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t trong ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m gi\u1eefa ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n <strong>\u00a0API<\/strong> v\u00e0 ASTM \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1ecf d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<p>\nTi\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API v\u00e0 ASTM \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong ng\u00e0nh d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t khi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u1ecf. Hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa hai b\u1ed9 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ef1 an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00ednh gi\u1eefa ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API v\u00e0 ASTM n\u1eb1m \u1edf ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Vi\u1ec7n D\u1ea7u kh\u00ed Hoa K\u1ef3 (API) t\u1eadp trung ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ng\u00e0nh d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u Hoa K\u1ef3 (ASTM) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t h\u01a1n \u0111\u1eb7t ra c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n cho nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c nhau, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf.<\/p>\n<p>Khi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00ednh d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u1ecf d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf, c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh t\u00ednh th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p t\u1edbi ng\u00e0nh d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed. C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTM c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n v\u00e0o th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c gi\u1eefa ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API v\u00e0 ASTM l\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 chi ti\u1ebft v\u00e0 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7u trong quy tr\u00ecnh th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m. C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API th\u01b0\u1eddng mang t\u00ednh quy \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01a1n, cung c\u1ea5p h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3. C\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u00e0y gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTM c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 linh ho\u1ea1t h\u01a1n trong quy tr\u00ecnh th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m, cho ph\u00e9p thay \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1edbn h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ee9ng nh\u1eafc h\u01a1n do ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API cung c\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n<p>V\u1ec1 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ng\u00e0nh c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e2n r\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf kh\u00e1c nhau, th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng so s\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/petroleumtubes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/J55-Tubing10.jpg\" alt=\"alt-3211\" class=\"wp-image-3211\" id=\"i3211\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\nNg\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTM c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho ph\u00e9p c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb h\u01a1n, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u mu\u1ed1n kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ho\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m m\u1edbi. Tuy nhi\u00ean, t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c b\u1ed5 sung v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng so s\u00e1nh k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n<p>Nh\u00ecn chung, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u1ea3 hai ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API v\u00e0 ASTM \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1ecf d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a, t\u00ednh th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n v\u00e0 chi ti\u1ebft. Hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia trong ng\u00e0nh tham gia v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u1ecf cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn li\u00ean quan, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao t\u00ednh an to\u00e0n, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 t\u00ednh b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h1 id=\"variances-in-acceptance-criteria-and-tolerances-as-per-api-and-astm-standards-for-petroleum-casing-thermal-conductivity-wpaicgheading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Su_khac_biet_ve_tieu_chi_chap_nhan_va_dung_sai_theo_tieu_chuan_API_va_ASTM_doi_voi_do_dan_nhiet_cua_vo_dau_mo\"><\/span>S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 dung sai theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API v\u00e0 ASTM \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1ecf d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<p>\nC\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API v\u00e0 ASTM \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1ecf d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed v\u00e0 dung sai chi ph\u1ed1i kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh. Hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 s\u1eafc th\u00e1i gi\u1eefa hai b\u1ed9 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1i quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00ednh gi\u1eefa ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API v\u00e0 ASTM n\u1eb1m \u1edf s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t trong ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn. C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n D\u1ea7u kh\u00ed Hoa K\u1ef3 (API) n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u00ec t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o t\u00ednh th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh. Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc x\u0103ng d\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u kh\u1eaft khe c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u Hoa K\u1ef3 (ASTM) c\u00f3 t\u00ednh t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t h\u01a1n v\u00e0 bao tr\u00f9m ph\u1ea1m vi r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ngo\u00e0i d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed. C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTM th\u01b0\u1eddng cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<p>\u1ed0ng d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf<\/p>\n<p>Khi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn dung sai, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTM. M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y b\u1edfi t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed. C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API \u00edt c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1ea3y ra sai s\u00f3t, nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n t\u1ed1i \u01b0u. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTM, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 v\u1eabn nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho ph\u00e9p thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat trong gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m do ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API v\u00e0 ASTM quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u0169ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd. C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho ng\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ri\u00eang do c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u1ecf d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf \u0111\u1eb7t ra. C\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady trong c\u00e1c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi kh\u1eaft khe. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTM t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t h\u01a1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, mang l\u1ea1i g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<p>H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o m\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API v\u00e0 ASTM n\u00eau ra kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 chi ti\u1ebft. C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 quy tr\u00ecnh, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi sai l\u1ec7ch so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh. C\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9 n\u00e0y nh\u1eb1m mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 minh b\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng truy xu\u1ea5t ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m. \u0110\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh, c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTM c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 linh ho\u1ea1t h\u01a1n trong th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh ghi ch\u00e9p t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u, cho ph\u00e9p thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng b\u00e1o c\u00e1o d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh ho\u1eb7c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n<p>[nh\u00fang]https:\/\/youtube.com\/embed\/WNOzAYrB_Yk[\/embed]<\/p>\n<p>T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, nh\u1eefng b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng chi ti\u1ebft gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API v\u00e0 ASTM v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1ecf d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng b\u1ed9 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch nh\u1eadn ra s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t trong ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn, dung sai, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh ghi ch\u00e9p, c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u1ecf d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t trong ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m gi\u1eefa ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u00a0<strong>\u00a0API<\/strong> v\u00e0 ASTM \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1ecf d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API v\u00e0 ASTM \u0111\u00f3ng vai&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1475,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_kadence_starter_templates_imported_post":false,"_kad_post_transparent":"default","_kad_post_title":"default","_kad_post_layout":"default","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"default","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"default","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[82,3700,1306,2289,7079,81,306],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"2.12.0","language":"vi","enabled_languages":["en","ar","zh","nl","fr","de","hi","id","it","ja","ko","pt","ru","es","th","tr","vi"],"languages":{"en":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ar":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"zh":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"nl":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"fr":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"de":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"hi":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"id":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"it":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ja":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ko":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"pt":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"es":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"th":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"tr":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"vi":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/petroleumtubes.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39405"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/petroleumtubes.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/petroleumtubes.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/petroleumtubes.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/petroleumtubes.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=39405"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/petroleumtubes.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39405\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/petroleumtubes.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1475"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/petroleumtubes.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=39405"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/petroleumtubes.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=39405"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/petroleumtubes.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=39405"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}