\nTrong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef \u201cb\u00f9ng n\u1ed5\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cs\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5\u201d c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c n\u1eb7ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ee3i l\u00ean h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f4i khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thay th\u1ebf cho nhau nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t, m\u1ed7i hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n, t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a ri\u00eang.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u, ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y m\u1ed5 x\u1ebb kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t v\u1ee5 n\u1ed5. S\u1ef1 b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3m ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t v\u00e0 nhanh ch\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a bong b\u00f3ng kinh t\u1ebf. Bong b\u00f3ng kinh t\u1ebf x\u1ea3y ra khi gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu, b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n ho\u1eb7c h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a tr\u1edf n\u00ean t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y b\u1edfi t\u00e2m l\u00fd \u0111\u1ea7u c\u01a1 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 l\u1ea1c quan c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0. L\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t kh\u00f4ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng n\u00e0y cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec9nh \u0111i\u1ec3m, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5\u2014a gi\u00e1 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n gi\u1ea3m m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 nhanh ch\u00f3ng khi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed5 x\u00f4 b\u00e1n h\u1ebft c\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. S\u1ef1 v\u1ee1 bong b\u00f3ng th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh tr\u00ean di\u1ec7n r\u1ed9ng, s\u1ef1 ho\u1ea3ng lo\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0 suy tho\u00e1i kinh t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n
Norma astm a312M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i mang t\u00ednh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 lan r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kinh t\u1ebf ho\u1eb7c t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh. Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n ho\u1eb7c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea1m vi r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n c\u00e1c th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf, th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 kinh t\u1ebf. S\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00e2y ra b\u1edfi nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1, bao g\u1ed3m nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u1edf m\u1ee9c n\u1ee3 qu\u00e1 cao, kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng, b\u1ea5t \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecba ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb ho\u1eb7c m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng kinh t\u1ebf v\u0129 m\u00f4. Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea3y ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 h\u01b0ng ph\u1ea5n v\u00e0 h\u01b0ng ph\u1ea5n, s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n ra d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o t\u00edch l\u0169y theo th\u1eddi gian tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n
M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t, s\u1ef1 b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 v\u00e0 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi nhau, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i kh\u00e1c. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, s\u1ef1 b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a bong b\u00f3ng t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 bong b\u00f3ng dot-com v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 2000 ho\u1eb7c bong b\u00f3ng nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t g\u00e2y ra cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh n\u0103m 2008, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n m\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 kinh t\u1ebf tr\u00ean di\u1ec7n r\u1ed9ng. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 trong m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ho\u1eb7c th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp vang d\u1ed9i kh\u1eafp n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed5 v\u1ee1 mang t\u00ednh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.
\nH\u1ed9p \u0111\u1ed3 trang s\u1ee9c
\n\u0110\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 v\u00e0 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5, \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadn ra vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a quy \u0111\u1ecbnh , gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. C\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n t\u1ea1o ra bong b\u00f3ng t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 r\u1ee7i ro h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 v\u1ed1n, ki\u1ec3m tra s\u1ee9c ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1ea3y ra c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n th\u1ea3m kh\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n